Poly aluminum chloride (PAC for short), also known as basic aluminum chloride, is the inorganic polymer water treatment agent with the most mature technology and the largest sales volume. Such as iron removal, cadmium removal, fluorine removal, radioactive pollution removal, oil slick removal, etc., it is also used in domestic sewage, industrial waste water and sludge treatment. It is an inorganic macromolecule containing different amounts of hydroxyl polynuclear coagulants. Its molecular formula is [Al2(OH)nCl6-n]m (m≤10,n≤5), where m represents the degree of polymerization and n represents the degree of neutrality of PAC product, that is, how much hydroxide ions replace chloride ions. Since the advent of PAC in the 1960s, the price is much lower than that of organic polymer flocculants, and it is easy to store, has no "mutagenesis & carcinogenesis & teratogenesis" effect, and the synthesis conditions are not as harsh as organic polymers; PAC has good coagulation efficiency. It has the advantages of large flocculation volume, less dosage, high efficiency, fast precipitation and wide adaptability. Its water purification capacity is 3 to 5 times that of traditional low-molecular-weight water purifiers such as aluminum sulfate AI2(SO4)3, ferric chloride,ferrous sulfate, alum, etc. It has strong adaptability to changes in raw water temperature and pH. PAC products are divided into two types: solid and liquid. The solid products have high adsorption activity, less clarified mud, short time, wide range of PH values, no need for coagulation aids, not affected by water temperature and suitable for long-distance transportation.
There are two main types of raw materials for the production of PAC: one is aluminum-containing minerals, including bauxite (gibbsite, boehmite, diaspore), clay, kaolin, alumite, etc. ; the other one is other aluminum-containing raw materials, including metal aluminum, aluminum scrap, aluminum ash, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum trichloride, coal gangue, col ash, etc. Only using aluminum ingots, aluminum scraps, aluminum hydroxide as raw materials, aluminum sulfate and aluminum dichloride as raw materials can produce relatively pure PAC products.